Moca test score 15303/30/2024 This is in sharp contrast with the reality of the current status of cognitive screening. These results confirm that the sooner cognitive impairment (CI) is detected, the larger the benefits of treatment in slowing down the trajectory of the patients’ cognitive decline, preventing loss of functional independence, and minimizing impairment in activities of daily living (ADLs). The donanemab study stratified for disease severity as measured by tau load and found highly different results, with the clear strongest benefit in those with less severe disease. The recent success of clinical trials for treating AD with anti-amyloid agents (lecanemab, donanemab) and the approval of two such agents by the US Food and Drug Administration for early-stage AD-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia-highlight the importance of detecting cognitive impairment at early stages. With dementia as the leading cause of disability among older adults and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as the most common cause of dementia, forecasts predict that by 2050, the number of individuals with AD and related dementias (ADRD) will reach 13.8 million in the U.S. Trial registrationĬ identifier NCT04733989.īrain disorders cause greater disability than cardiovascular diseases and cancers combined, and according to the projections by the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2030, brain-related disabilities will contribute to half of the global economic burden caused by disability. The results support the utility of DCR as a sensitive and efficient cognitive assessment in primary care settings. ConclusionsĭCR outperforms the MMSE in detecting and classifying cognitive impairment-in a fraction of the time-while being not influenced by a patient’s ethnicity. Moreover, the DCR score was significantly less biased by ethnicity than the MMSE, with no significant difference in the DCR score between Hispanic and non-Hispanic individuals. Among 104 individuals who were labeled as “cognitively unimpaired” by the MMSE (score ≥ 28) but actually had verbal memory impairment as confirmed by the RAVLT, the DCR identified 84 (80.7%) as impaired. DCR administration was also significantly faster (completed in less than 3 min regardless of cognitive status and age). The DCR was superior on average to the MMSE in classifying mild cognitive impairment and early dementia, AUC = 0.70 for the DCR vs. Non-Hispanic), and level of education (≥ 15 years vs. < 15 years) on the DCR and MMSE scores. We also compared the influence of demographic variables such as race (White vs. We evaluated cognitive classifications (MCI and early dementia) based on the DCR and the MMSE against cohorts based on the results of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), the Trail Making Test-Part B (TMT-B), and the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). We studied 706 participants from the multisite Bio-Hermes study (age mean ± SD = 71.5 ± 6.7 58.9% female years of education mean ± SD = 15.4 ± 2.7 primary language English), classified as cognitively unimpaired (CU n = 360), mild cognitive impairment (MCI n = 234), or probable mild Alzheimer’s dementia (pAD n = 111) based on a review of medical history with selected cognitive and imaging tests. Here, we examine the advantages of DCR over the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia. Brief and sensitive digital cognitive assessments, such as the Digital Clock and Recall (DCR™), have the potential to address this need. However, at present, most primary care providers do not perform routine cognitive testing, in part due to a lack of access to practical cognitive assessments, as well as time and resources to administer and interpret the tests. Disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer’s disease highlight the need for early detection of cognitive decline.
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